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NRG Energy, Inc. (NRG)

NYSE / Utilities / Independent Power Producers

Share price

100.85 USD Market dataClose of Oct 14, 2026

Market capitalisation

21.28B USD Market dataClose of Oct 14, 2026
Market data
Oct 14, 2026
Filed accounts
FY2025, filed Feb 24, 2026
Ratios computed
Oct 14, 2026
Filed years
11, FY2015 to FY2025
Four kinds of sourceSEC filingCompany statementMarket dataComputedWhat each means
SEC filingFiled with the SEC
Read from a statement the company filed with the SEC, with the form, fiscal year, filing date and accession beside it.
Company statementCompany statement
What the company says about itself in a filing: an 8-K item, the auditor, its own segment names.
Market dataMarket data
Prices, market value and what analysts publish, with the date they are as of.
ComputedComputed by ValueScreener
Worked out by us from the other three, with the inputs and the formula one press away. A score is a research output, not a rating or a recommendation.
Reading

1 of 10

Overview

What the business is, what it costs, and how it reads on four questions.

Market dataSEC filingComputed

Four questions, at a glance

Quality

Return on invested capital, after tax

10.3% Computed

From the FY2025 filing

Read quality

Valuation

Price to earnings

24.66x Computed

FY2025 accounts, priced at the latest close

Read valuation

Cash generation

Free cash flow yield

3.8% Computed

FY2025 accounts, priced at the latest close

Read cash generation

Revenue and net income, as filed

FY2016 Revenue: 8.91B USDFY2016 Net income: -774.0M USDFY2017 Revenue: 9.07B USDFY2017 Net income: -2.15B USDFY2018 Revenue: 9.48B USDFY2018 Net income: 268.0M USDFY2019 Revenue: 9.82B USDFY2019 Net income: 4.44B USDFY2020 Revenue: 9.09B USDFY2020 Net income: 510.0M USDFY2021 Revenue: 26.99B USDFY2021 Net income: 2.19B USDFY2022 Revenue: 31.54B USDFY2022 Net income: 1.22B USDFY2023 Revenue: 28.82B USDFY2023 Net income: -202.0M USDFY2024 Revenue: 28.13B USDFY2024 Net income: 1.13B USDFY2025 Revenue: 30.71B USDFY2025 Net income: 864.0M USD
Revenue Net income10 filed fiscal years, from the annual reports; the table in Filings names each document.
Named tests met
2 of 30 Which tests
The business, and the score behind its five axes

The reading, in brief

Is it cheap

Price to earnings is 24.66x at the close of 2026-10-14 on FY2025 figures; the lines are 15.00x (Graham's defensive ceiling) and, by market convention, 10.00x, 25.00x and 40.00x, and this sits between 15.00x and 25.00x.

Today, against the Utilities sector (87 companies), 24.66x sits at the 75th percentile; the middle half of that group runs from 15.80x to 24.66x.

Is it good

Return on invested capital was 10.3% in FY2025, in the band labelled "Around the cost of capital" (8.0% to 12.0%), on lines anchored on Damodaran's cost-of-capital data.

Today, against the Utilities sector (53 companies), 10.3% sits at the 92nd percentile; the middle half of that group runs from 4.5% to 6.1%.

Is it safe

Interest coverage was 2.49x in FY2025, in the band labelled "Speculative grade" (1.50x to 3.00x), on lines anchored on Damodaran's interest-coverage table.

Year by year against peers
Whether NRG Energy, Inc.'s return on invested capital stayed above the median of the Utilities sector, year by year. (FY2023 to FY2025, 3 fiscal years of NRG Energy, Inc. with a comparable figure)
The direction
Which way NRG Energy, Inc.'s operating margin has moved, and how steadily. (FY2016 to FY2025, 10 filed years of NRG Energy, Inc.)
What could explain it
What in NRG Energy, Inc.'s filed statements could explain the movements. (9 readings drawn from the statement lines NRG Energy, Inc. filed)
What to check next
What to check next on NRG Energy, Inc., and where in its filings. (5 questions for NRG Energy, Inc.)
In one paragraph
One paragraph on NRG Energy, Inc.'s returns, cash, balance sheet and price. (15 of sixteen figures read for NRG Energy, Inc.)

These are NRG’s filed figures. The research desk says what they mean, against peers and its own years, with what to check next.

Research NRGPart of Serious. New accounts start with 30 days of Professional, free, no card.

2 of 10

What changed

The newest filing, what it moved, and when the next one is due.

SEC filingCompany statement

The newest accounts on file are the FY2025 annual report: 10-K, filed Feb 24, 2026, accession 0001013871-26-000004.

3 of 10

Quality

The returns the business earns on its capital, and the margins behind them.

SEC filingComputed

NRG Energy, Inc: returns on capital and margins, each with its source
FigureValue, source and document
Return on invested capital, after tax10.3% ComputedFY2025 10-K, filed Feb 24, 2026, 0001013871-26-000004
Return on equity51.4% ComputedFY2025 10-K, filed Feb 24, 2026, 0001013871-26-000004
Return on capital employed, pre-tax8.7% ComputedFY2025 10-K, filed Feb 24, 2026, 0001013871-26-000004
Return on assets3.0% ComputedFY2025 10-K, filed Feb 24, 2026, 0001013871-26-000004
Gross margin
Why n/a

Our archived statements for this filer carry no gross profit line, so there is nothing to compute a gross margin from and trace back to source. That may be because the filer presents no cost of revenue, or because we have not captured the concept. We do not guess which.

n/a ComputedFY2025 10-K, filed Feb 24, 2026, 0001013871-26-000004
Operating margin6.0% ComputedFY2025 10-K, filed Feb 24, 2026, 0001013871-26-000004
Net margin2.8% ComputedFY2025 10-K, filed Feb 24, 2026, 0001013871-26-000004
NRG 2.8%
TLN -8.5%CNP 11.2%CMS 12.5%PCG 10.8%BIP 11.0%
-8.5%12.5%
Net margin: NRG against the 5 companies named under Valuation context, each as filed for its own latest year. Placement only: no average is drawn.

4 of 10

Financial strength

What it owes against what it owns, and whether it can meet what falls due.

SEC filingComputedCompany statement

NRG Energy, Inc: leverage, liquidity and distress, each with its source
FigureValue, source and document
Debt to equity9.89 ComputedFY2025 10-K, filed Feb 24, 2026, 0001013871-26-000004
Current ratio1.64 ComputedFY2025 10-K, filed Feb 24, 2026, 0001013871-26-000004
Quick ratio1.58 ComputedFY2025 10-K, filed Feb 24, 2026, 0001013871-26-000004
Interest coverage2.49x ComputedFY2025 10-K, filed Feb 24, 2026, 0001013871-26-000004
Altman Z-score2.01 ComputedClose of Oct 14, 2026 · FY2025 10-K, filed Feb 24, 2026, 0001013871-26-000004
Net debt11.94B ComputedFY2025 10-K, filed Feb 24, 2026, 0001013871-26-000004
Total assets 29.14BTotal liabilities 27.46BShareholders' equity 1.68BOwnsOwes, and equity
Total assets Total liabilities Shareholders’ equity
The balance sheet, line by line

Financial health

What NRG Energy, Inc owned and owed at the end of fiscal 2025, from the balance sheet it filed (10-K, filed Feb 24, 2026, 0001013871-26-000004).

NRG Energy, Inc: balance sheet position
Total assets29.14B FiledFY2025 10-K, filed Feb 24, 2026
Total liabilities27.46B FiledFY2025 10-K, filed Feb 24, 2026
Shareholders' equity1.68B FiledFY2025 10-K, filed Feb 24, 2026
Cash4.71B FiledFY2025 10-K, filed Feb 24, 2026
Total debt16.65B FiledFY2025 10-K, filed Feb 24, 2026
Net debt11.94B
Current ratio1.64
Debt to equity9.89

Read from the filed balance sheet for each year, with the income statement of the same year supplying operating profit where a ratio needs it. Nothing here is a view on whether this company is sound.

5 of 10

Valuation context

What the market charges for it, against its own record and companies like it.

Market dataSEC filingComputed

NRG Energy, Inc: what the market charges, each with its source
FigureValue, source and document
Price to earnings24.66x ComputedClose of Oct 14, 2026 · FY2025 10-K, filed Feb 24, 2026, 0001013871-26-000004
P/E on trailing twelve months27.63x ComputedClose of Oct 14, 2026 · Trailing four quarters, each as known on the day; the quarterly filings are listed under Filings
Price to book11.94x ComputedClose of Oct 14, 2026 · FY2025 10-K, filed Feb 24, 2026, 0001013871-26-000004
Price to sales0.65x ComputedClose of Oct 14, 2026 · FY2025 10-K, filed Feb 24, 2026, 0001013871-26-000004
Enterprise value to EBIT17.34x ComputedClose of Oct 14, 2026 · FY2025 10-K, filed Feb 24, 2026, 0001013871-26-000004
Enterprise value to EBITDA9.84x ComputedClose of Oct 14, 2026 · FY2025 10-K, filed Feb 24, 2026, 0001013871-26-000004
Price to earnings over growth1.70 ComputedClose of Oct 14, 2026 · FY2025 10-K, filed Feb 24, 2026, 0001013871-26-000004
Diluted earnings per share4.01 USD FiledFY2025 10-K, filed Feb 24, 2026, 0001013871-26-000004
Graham number27.88 USD ComputedFY2025 10-K, filed Feb 24, 2026, 0001013871-26-000004

We publish no fair value or price target of our own. Value NRG on your own assumptions in the DCF workbench, starting from the filed figures.

Its own record, and companies like it

Valuation

What the market charges for NRG Energy, Inc today, and the multiples it has carried. No value of ours: the figures are the filings’ and the market’s.

NRG Energy, Inc: valuation
Share price100.85 USD
Market capitalisation21.28B USD
Enterprise value to EBITDA9.84x
Graham number27.88 USD
Diluted earnings per share, FY20254.01 USD

Price to earnings on trailing twelve months, a different basis from the fiscal-year P/E above, since Aug 3, 2017: low 1.31x, median 10.37x, high 163.74x, latest 27.63x. 1,663 trading days with a meaningful ratio, 647 more on a loss and left out. Each close over the trailing twelve months of earnings as known that day: a quarter counts from the day it was filed.

Companies like NRG Energy, Inc

  1. Talen Energy Corporation (TLN)Market cap 16.27B USD
  2. CenterPoint Energy, Inc. (CNP)Market cap 26.14B USD
  3. CMS Energy Corporation (CMS)Market cap 20.95B USD
  4. Pacific Gas & Electric Co. (PCG)Market cap 35.24B USD
  5. Brookfield Infrastructure Partners L.P. (BIP)Market cap 16.74B USD

Same sector (Utilities) and size band (Large, 10B to 200B), nearest in market value, net margin and current ratio. Each of those counts equally, by how many of the companies considered sit between the two on it. Closest first: the order is likeness and nothing else.

6 of 10

Cash generation

Whether profit arrives as cash, and what is paid back to shareholders.

SEC filingComputed

NRG Energy, Inc: cash generation and what is paid out, each with its source
FigureValue, source and document
Free cash flow yield3.8% ComputedClose of Oct 14, 2026 · FY2025 10-K, filed Feb 24, 2026, 0001013871-26-000004
Free cash flow766.0M USD ComputedFY2025 10-K, filed Feb 24, 2026, 0001013871-26-000004
Free cash flow margin2.5% ComputedFY2025 10-K, filed Feb 24, 2026, 0001013871-26-000004
Dividend yield1.9% ComputedClose of Oct 14, 2026 · FY2025 10-K, filed Feb 24, 2026, 0001013871-26-000004
Payout ratio47.6% ComputedFY2025 10-K, filed Feb 24, 2026, 0001013871-26-000004
FY2016 Free cash flow: 1.36B USDFY2016 Net income: -774.0M USDFY2017 Free cash flow: 1.36B USDFY2017 Net income: -2.15B USDFY2018 Free cash flow: 989.0M USDFY2018 Net income: 268.0M USDFY2019 Free cash flow: 1.19B USDFY2019 Net income: 4.44B USDFY2020 Free cash flow: 1.61B USDFY2020 Net income: 510.0M USDFY2021 Free cash flow: 224.0M USDFY2021 Net income: 2.19B USDFY2022 Free cash flow: -7.0M USDFY2022 Net income: 1.22B USDFY2023 Free cash flow: -819.0M USDFY2023 Net income: -202.0M USDFY2024 Free cash flow: 1.83B USDFY2024 Net income: 1.13B USDFY2025 Free cash flow: 766.0M USDFY2025 Net income: 864.0M USD
Free cash flow Net incomeProfit that arrives as cash stands level with net income; a gap year after year is worth reading about.

7 of 10

Filings

Every figure, the year it is for and the document it was read from.

SEC filingMarket data

The filed figures

Computed from the accounts this company filed with the SEC and, in a ratio with a price in it, the last close, dated on this page. Every filed figure below carries the fiscal year and the filing date its accounts were read from, and every blank carries the reason it is blank. Nothing here is a view on this company.

NRG Energy, Inc.: the eight ratios, with the fiscal year and filing date behind each.
FigureValueYearAs of
24.66xFY2025Oct 14, 2026
11.94xFY2025Oct 14, 2026
17.34xFY2025Oct 14, 2026
3.8%FY2025Oct 14, 2026
10.3%FY2025Feb 24, 2026
1.9%FY2025Oct 14, 2026
9.89FY2025Feb 24, 2026
1.64FY2025Feb 24, 2026
0.65xFY2025Oct 14, 2026
1.70FY2025Oct 14, 2026
2.01FY2025Oct 14, 2026
-2.44FY2025Feb 24, 2026
5/9FY2025Feb 24, 2026

The figures are computed from the accounts for fiscal 2025, the newest full year on file. 11 filed fiscal years on record, FY2015 to FY2025, from SEC EDGAR. Prices as of Oct 14, 2026. Ratios recomputed Oct 14, 2026. Two facts, because a recompute is not a fresh quote.

The year and the filing date name the statement each figure’s accounts are read from, and they stand even where the figure itself could not be computed: the line beneath a blank says what that statement did not carry. A figure’s name opens its formula and the filings behind it; a statement that names no SEC filing has no filing date, and reads n/a.

Ten years of filed figures, year by year

Ten years of filed figures

10 filed fiscal years, FY2016 to FY2025, read from the annual reports NRG Energy, Inc filed with the SEC. Each year names its filing. Amounts in USD, as filed.

NRG Energy, Inc: revenue, earnings, free cash flow and returns, by fiscal year, with the filing each year was read from
YearRevenueOperating incomeNet incomeEPS, dilutedFree cash flowOperating marginReturn on equityFiling
FY202530.71B1.84B864.0M4.01766.0M6.0%51.4%10-K, Feb 24, 20260001013871-26-000004
FY202428.13B2.42B1.13B4.991.83B8.6%45.4%10-K, Feb 26, 20250001013871-25-000006
FY202328.82B384.0M-202.0M-1.12-819.0M1.3%-7.0%10-K, Feb 28, 20240001013871-24-000005
FY202231.54B2.02B1.22B5.17-7.0M6.4%31.9%10-K, Feb 23, 20230001013871-23-000004
FY202126.99B3.34B2.19B8.93224.0M12.4%60.8%10-K, Feb 24, 20220001013871-22-000010
FY20209.09B1.10B510.0M2.071.61B12.2%30.4%10-K, Mar 1, 20210001013871-21-000005
FY20199.82B1.29B4.44B16.811.19B13.1%n/a10-K, Feb 27, 20200001013871-20-000013
FY20189.48B982.0M268.0M0.87989.0M10.4%n/m10-K, Feb 28, 20190001013871-19-000007
FY20179.07B-741.0M-2.15B-6.791.36B-8.2%n/m10-K, Mar 1, 20180001013871-18-000011
FY20168.91B33.0M-774.0M-2.221.36B0.4%-37.9%10-K, Feb 28, 20170001013871-17-000007
  • Revenue, compound annual growth FY2016 to FY2025: 14.7%
  • Earnings: Earnings was not positive in both 2016 and 2025, so a compound rate across the window is not defined. Both figures are in the table.
  • Earnings per share: Earnings per share was not positive in both 2016 and 2025, so a compound rate across the window is not defined. Both figures are in the table.
  • Free cash flow, compound annual growth FY2016 to FY2025: -6.2%

Every figure in this section is a line of a filed annual statement or a ratio of two of them. Nothing here is estimated or smoothed. Earnings per share filed before a share split are put on today's share count, and say so. Nothing here is a verdict on the company.

8 of 10

Risks and guardrails

The accounting screens, the published tests, and the lines you can set to be told.

ComputedCompany statement

NRG Energy, Inc: accounting screens and published tests, each with its source
FigureValue, source and document
Beneish M-score-2.44 ComputedFY2025 10-K, filed Feb 24, 2026, 0001013871-26-000004
Piotroski F-score5/9 ComputedFY2025 10-K, filed Feb 24, 2026, 0001013871-26-000004
Named tests met2 of 30 Computed
Beta1.41 ComputedClose of Oct 14, 2026

The named tests

Of 30 tests value investors published: 2 met, 27 not met, 1 we could not complete. Counts, never a score: a single figure would have to decide that meeting one investor’s criteria and meeting another’s are worth the same.

Which tests, by name(all 30)
Meets
ROIC at or above WACC; Cash-covered dividend
Does not
Defensive investor (Benjamin Graham); Deep value; Large cap, low P/E; Earnings yield and ROIC (Joel Greenblatt); High F-score, low P/B (Joseph Piotroski); Three forensic scores; Low PEG, low debt (Peter Lynch); High returns and growth; EV/EBITDA and coverage; High yield, low payout; Dividends and buybacks; Low beta, profitable; Near the 52-week low; Z-score and coverage (Edward Altman); Two thirds of NCAV (Benjamin Graham); P/E times P/B (Benjamin Graham); High returns, low debt; Owner earnings yield; High return on tangibles; Low P/S, rising earnings (James O'Shaughnessy); Book or below, low debt (Walter Schloss); Tangible book or below; Cash-flow yield and ROIC; Clean books, high ROIC; Cheapest quarter on P/E (David Dreman); Cheapest quarter on P/B (David Dreman); Low P/E, growth, yield (John Neff)
Not measured
Gross margin, turnover (Robert Novy-Marx). A test with a figure we could not read is incomplete, never met and never failed.
Figures we could not read(4)
  • Current Ratio: Graham set this test for industrial companies; for utilities he tested debt against equity.
  • Altman Z-Score: Altman fitted the Z-score on manufacturers; it is not measured for a utility.
  • Gross Margin: Our archived statements for this filer carry no gross profit line, so there is nothing to compute a gross margin from and trace back to source. That may be because the filer presents no cost of revenue, or because we have not captured the concept. We do not guess which.
  • Price Tangible Book: We do not hold this figure for this company, so there is nothing to show.

9 of 10

Declared positions

Whether anybody here owns this company.

Positions declared by Javier Sanz Alvarez: no holding in any company shown here, as of October 3, 2026.

10 of 10

Next step

What to do with what you have read.

A thesis is your reason for owning it, in your words, with the figures that must stay true. Checking those figures every night against the newest filed accounts, and telling you once when one breaks, is what the subscription adds.

More on this company

What this cannot tell you

  • 4 figures could not be read on this company, among them Current Ratio, Altman Z-Score, Gross Margin. Each blank in the table above names the rest, with its reason. 1 named test comes back incomplete because of them, which is neither met nor missed.

And the one that is true of all of it: This is what the numbers say today. It cannot tell you the day one of them stops being true. Nothing here can, because the reasons are not written down.

Running this once is arithmetic on public documents and you are welcome to it. Writing down why you own each company, in your own words and with the numbers that have to stay true for it to hold, and then having those numbers re-checked every night against the newest filed accounts, and against the latest close where a rule watches a price, is Professional, the plan a new account starts on for 30 days, one trial per person. It writes to you the day one breaks, and stays quiet when nothing does. The check runs every night at 23:30 UTC. A filing is picked up the night after it is published.

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Analyze your own portfolio

ValueScreener · valuescreener.ai · Computed from accounts filed with the SEC by this company, read from EDGAR, and from dated closing prices. On this page a filed figure opens into its formula, its inputs and the statement, fiscal year and filing date it was read from, and a price into the day of its close. A figure that cannot show that trail says so.

A computation on accounts filed with the SEC, not a recommendation and not advice. Past filings do not indicate future results. Risk disclaimer.

Once a week, what changed in the filings of US-listed companies, why it can matter to a thesis, and what deserves a closer review. Grounded in filings, not market noise.

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Risk disclaimer. This service is provided for research and education only. Nothing on it is investment advice, a recommendation, or an offer to buy or sell any security. Capital is at risk, and past performance does not indicate future results. Figures come from filed accounts and may be incomplete, delayed or later restated, so verify a number against the filing before you act on it.