Quality
Return on invested capital, after tax
44.3% Computed
From FY2025 market data
ValueScreener company report
Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company Limited (TSM)
NYSE / Technology / Semiconductors
Share price
422.25 USD Market dataClose of Oct 15, 2026Market capitalisation
2.19T USD Market dataClose of Oct 15, 2026- Market data
- Oct 15, 2026
- Newest accounts
- FY2025, market data
- Ratios computed
- Oct 15, 2026
- Filed years
- 9, FY2016 to FY2024
Four kinds of sourceSEC filingCompany statementMarket dataComputedWhat each means
- SEC filingFiled with the SEC
- Read from a statement the company filed with the SEC, with the form, fiscal year, filing date and accession beside it.
- Company statementCompany statement
- What the company says about itself in a filing: an 8-K item, the auditor, its own segment names.
- Market dataMarket data
- Prices, market value and what analysts publish, with the date they are as of.
- ComputedComputed by ValueScreener
- Worked out by us from the other three, with the inputs and the formula one press away. A score is a research output, not a rating or a recommendation.
Reading
1 of 10
Overview
What the business is, what it costs, and how it reads on four questions.
Market dataComputed
Four questions, at a glance
Financial strength
Debt to equity
0.20 Computed
From FY2025 market data
Valuation
Price to earnings
40.84x Computed
FY2025 accounts, priced at the latest close
Cash generation
Free cash flow yield
1.6% Computed
FY2025 accounts, priced at the latest close
Revenue and net income, by fiscal year
- Named tests met
- 3 of 30 Which tests
The business, and the score behind its five axes
The reading, in brief
- Is it cheap
Price to earnings is 40.84x at the close of 2026-10-15 on FY2025 figures; the lines are 15.00x (Graham's defensive ceiling) and, by market convention, 10.00x, 25.00x and 40.00x, and this sits above the highest.
Today, against the Semiconductors industry (51 companies), 40.84x sits at the 34th percentile; the middle half of that group runs from 34.97x to 99.83x.
- Is it good
Return on invested capital was 44.3% in FY2025, in the band labelled "Exceptional" (20.0% and above), on lines anchored on Damodaran's cost-of-capital data, suggesting returns on the capital in the business well above the usual cost of that capital.
Today, against the Semiconductors industry (36 companies), 44.3% sits at the 88th percentile; the middle half of that group runs from -0.3% to 13.9%.
- Is it safe
Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company Limited held more cash than debt at the end of FY2025 (net cash of 1,695.5bn TWD), so net debt to EBITDA is a net cash position rather than a leverage reading.
- Year by year against peers
- Whether Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company Limited's return on invested capital stayed above the median of the Semiconductors industry, year by year. (FY2020 to FY2025, 6 fiscal years of Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company Limited with a comparable figure)
- The direction
- Which way Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company Limited's return on equity has moved, and how steadily. (FY2016 to FY2025, 10 filed years of Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company Limited)
- What could explain it
- What in Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company Limited's filed statements could explain the movements. (4 readings drawn from the statement lines Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company Limited filed)
- What to check next
- What to check next on Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company Limited, and where in its filings. (2 questions for Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company Limited)
- In one paragraph
- One paragraph on Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company Limited's returns, cash, balance sheet and price. (14 of sixteen figures read for Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company Limited)
These are TSM’s filed figures. The research desk says what they mean, against peers and its own years, with what to check next.
Research TSMPart of Serious. New accounts start with 30 days of Professional, free, no card.
2 of 10
What changed
The newest filing, what it moved, and when the next one is due.
Market dataCompany statement
The newest accounts on file are FY2025’s, from a statement that names no SEC filing: market data, supplied Mar 7, 2026, accession n/a.
3 of 10
Quality
The returns the business earns on its capital, and the margins behind them.
Market dataComputed
| Figure | Value, source and document |
|---|---|
| Return on invested capital, after tax | 44.3% ComputedFY2025 market data, supplied Mar 7, 2026, no SEC filing named, accession n/a |
| Return on equity | 32.1% ComputedFY2025 market data, supplied Mar 7, 2026, no SEC filing named, accession n/a |
| Return on capital employed, pre-tax | 30.3% ComputedFY2025 market data, supplied Mar 7, 2026, no SEC filing named, accession n/a |
| Return on assets | 21.9% ComputedFY2025 market data, supplied Mar 7, 2026, no SEC filing named, accession n/a |
| Gross margin | 59.9% ComputedFY2025 market data, supplied Mar 7, 2026, no SEC filing named, accession n/a |
| Operating margin | 50.8% ComputedFY2025 market data, supplied Mar 7, 2026, no SEC filing named, accession n/a |
| Net margin | 45.1% ComputedFY2025 market data, supplied Mar 7, 2026, no SEC filing named, accession n/a |
TSM 45.1%
29.4%63.8%
4 of 10
Financial strength
What it owes against what it owns, and whether it can meet what falls due.
Market dataComputedCompany statement
| Figure | Value, source and document |
|---|---|
| Debt to equity | 0.20 ComputedFY2025 market data, supplied Mar 7, 2026, no SEC filing named, accession n/a |
| Current ratio | 2.62 ComputedFY2025 market data, supplied Mar 7, 2026, no SEC filing named, accession n/a |
| Quick ratio | 2.42 ComputedFY2025 market data, supplied Mar 7, 2026, no SEC filing named, accession n/a |
Interest coverageWhy n/aThe filing states no interest expense for this year, so coverage is not computed: with no interest bill there is nothing to cover. | n/a ComputedFY2025 market data, supplied Mar 7, 2026, no SEC filing named, accession n/a |
| Altman Z-score | 19.74 ComputedClose of Oct 15, 2026 · FY2025 market data, supplied Mar 7, 2026, no SEC filing named, accession n/a |
| Net debt | -2.00T ComputedFY2025 market data, supplied Mar 7, 2026, no SEC filing named, accession n/a |
The balance sheet, line by line
Financial health
What Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company Limited owned and owed at the end of fiscal 2025, from a copy of its balance sheet that names no SEC filing (market data).
| Total assets | 7.91T Market dataFY2025 market data, supplied Mar 7, 2026, no SEC filing named |
|---|---|
| Total liabilities | 2.47T Market dataFY2025 market data, supplied Mar 7, 2026, no SEC filing named |
| Shareholders' equity | 5.40T Market dataFY2025 market data, supplied Mar 7, 2026, no SEC filing named |
| Cash | 3.06T Market dataFY2025 market data, supplied Mar 7, 2026, no SEC filing named |
| Total debt | 1.06T Market dataFY2025 market data, supplied Mar 7, 2026, no SEC filing named |
| Net debt | -2.00T |
| Current ratio | 2.62 |
| Debt to equity | 0.20 |
- Interest cover: FY2025: The filing states no interest expense for this year, so coverage is not computed: with no interest bill there is nothing to cover.
Read from the filed balance sheet for each year, with the income statement of the same year supplying operating profit where a ratio needs it. Nothing here is a view on whether this company is sound.
5 of 10
Valuation context
What the market charges for it, against its own record and companies like it.
Market dataComputed
| Figure | Value, source and document |
|---|---|
| Price to earnings | 40.84x ComputedClose of Oct 15, 2026 · FY2025 market data, supplied Mar 7, 2026, no SEC filing named, accession n/a |
P/E on trailing twelve monthsWhy n/aA trailing figure needs 4 filed quarters with the dates they were filed on, and we hold 0 for this company. Nothing is drawn rather than a line built from fewer. | n/a ComputedClose of Oct 15, 2026 · Trailing four quarters, each as known on the day; the quarterly filings are listed under Filings |
| Price to book | 13.11x ComputedClose of Oct 15, 2026 · FY2025 market data, supplied Mar 7, 2026, no SEC filing named, accession n/a |
| Price to sales | 18.41x ComputedClose of Oct 15, 2026 · FY2025 market data, supplied Mar 7, 2026, no SEC filing named, accession n/a |
| Enterprise value to EBIT | 35.37x ComputedClose of Oct 15, 2026 · FY2025 market data, supplied Mar 7, 2026, no SEC filing named, accession n/a |
| Enterprise value to EBITDA | 25.13x ComputedClose of Oct 15, 2026 · FY2025 market data, supplied Mar 7, 2026, no SEC filing named, accession n/a |
Price to earnings over growthWhy n/aWe do not hold this figure for this company, so there is nothing to show. | n/a ComputedClose of Oct 15, 2026 · FY2025 market data, supplied Mar 7, 2026, no SEC filing named, accession n/a |
| Diluted earnings per share | 334.65 TWD Market dataFY2025 market data, supplied Mar 7, 2026, no SEC filing named, accession n/a |
| Graham number | 86.55 USD ComputedFY2025 market data, supplied Mar 7, 2026, no SEC filing named, accession n/a |
We publish no fair value or price target of our own. Value TSM on your own assumptions in the DCF workbench, starting from the filed figures.
Its own record, and companies like it
Valuation
What the market charges for Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company Limited today, and the multiples it has carried. No value of ours: the figures are the filings’ and the market’s.
| Share price | 422.25 USD |
|---|---|
| Market capitalisation | 2.19T USD |
| Enterprise value to EBITDA | 25.13x |
| Graham number | 86.55 USD |
| Diluted earnings per share, FY2025 | 334.65 TWD |
Price to earnings on trailing twelve months: A trailing figure needs 4 filed quarters with the dates they were filed on, and we hold 0 for this company. Nothing is drawn rather than a line built from fewer.
Companies like Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company Limited
- Broadcom Inc. (AVGO)Market cap 1.64T USD
- Micron Technology, Inc. (MU)Market cap 1.05T USD
- NVIDIA Corporation (NVDA)Market cap 5.24T USD
- Lam Research Corporation (LRCX)Market cap 347.20B USD
- ASML Holding N.V. (ASML)Market cap 638.80B USD
Same industry (Semiconductors) and size band (Mega, 200B and over), nearest in market value, net margin and current ratio. Each of those counts equally, by how many of the companies considered sit between the two on it. Closest first: the order is likeness and nothing else.
6 of 10
Cash generation
Whether profit arrives as cash, and what is paid back to shareholders.
Market dataComputed
| Figure | Value, source and document |
|---|---|
| Free cash flow yield | 1.6% ComputedClose of Oct 15, 2026 · FY2025 market data, supplied Mar 8, 2026, no SEC filing named, accession n/a |
| Free cash flow | 1.10T TWD ComputedFY2025 market data, supplied Mar 7, 2026, no SEC filing named, accession n/a |
| Free cash flow margin | 28.5% ComputedFY2025 market data, supplied Mar 7, 2026, no SEC filing named, accession n/a |
| Dividend yield | 0.7% ComputedClose of Oct 15, 2026 · FY2025 market data, supplied Mar 8, 2026, no SEC filing named, accession n/a |
| Payout ratio | 27.2% ComputedFY2025 market data, supplied Mar 7, 2026, no SEC filing named, accession n/a |
7 of 10
Filings
Every figure, the year it is for and the document it was read from.
SEC filingMarket data
The figures on file
Computed from annual statements that name no SEC filing and, in a ratio with a price in it, the last close, dated on this page. So each figure below reads Market data, with the fiscal year it is for and the day it was supplied, and every blank carries the reason it is blank. Nothing here is a view on this company.
| Figure | Value | Year | As of |
|---|---|---|---|
| 40.84x | FY2025 | Oct 15, 2026 | |
FormulaShare price / earnings per share. Where the filing states no earnings per share this listing can be priced on, which is every 20-F and 40-F filer because theirs is stated per ordinary share, it is market capitalisation / net income: the same multiple, undiluted. As ofThe close on Oct 15, 2026, over the filed figures of FY2025: a price is in this figure, and it moved after the filing. Formn/aFiledn/aPeriodFY2025Accessionn/aWhat we read from itIncome statementFY2025No address for this document is on file, so it cannot be opened from here. | |||
| 13.11x | FY2025 | Oct 15, 2026 | |
FormulaMarket capitalisation / shareholders equity As ofThe close on Oct 15, 2026, over the filed figures of FY2025: a price is in this figure, and it moved after the filing. Formn/aFiledn/aPeriodFY2025Accessionn/aWhat we read from itBalance sheetFY2025No address for this document is on file, so it cannot be opened from here. | |||
| 35.37x | FY2025 | Oct 15, 2026 | |
Formula(Market capitalisation + total debt - cash) / operating income, or over the filing's own EBIT (income before tax + interest expense) where the filer tags no operating line, as Johnson & Johnson does not in any of its ten filed years. As ofThe close on Oct 15, 2026, over the filed figures of FY2025: a price is in this figure, and it moved after the filing. Formn/aFiledn/aPeriodFY2025Accessionn/aWhat we read from itIncome statementFY2025No address for this document is on file, so it cannot be opened from here.Formn/aFiledn/aPeriodFY2025Accessionn/aWhat we read from itBalance sheetFY2025No address for this document is on file, so it cannot be opened from here. | |||
| 1.6% | FY2025 | Oct 15, 2026 | |
FormulaFree cash flow per share / share price x 100 As ofThe close on Oct 15, 2026, over the filed figures of FY2025: a price is in this figure, and it moved after the filing. Formn/aFiledn/aPeriodFY2025Accessionn/aWhat we read from itCash flow statementFY2025No address for this document is on file, so it cannot be opened from here. | |||
| 44.3% | FY2025 | n/a | |
FormulaVendor trailing-twelve-month return on invested capital where one is published, which uses after-tax operating profit over total assets less current liabilities. Otherwise our own recompute: NOPAT / (shareholders equity + total debt - cash) x 100, where NOPAT is the filed operating profit after tax, or the filing's own EBIT after tax where the filer tags no operating line. As ofThe filing date of the statements below, for FY2025. Formn/aFiledn/aPeriodFY2025Accessionn/aWhat we read from itIncome statementFY2025No address for this document is on file, so it cannot be opened from here.Formn/aFiledn/aPeriodFY2025Accessionn/aWhat we read from itBalance sheetFY2025No address for this document is on file, so it cannot be opened from here. | |||
| 0.7% | FY2025 | Oct 15, 2026 | |
FormulaCommon dividends paid in the latest filed year / market capitalisation x 100. n/a where the filing cannot support it: a special or first-year payment, a total that mixes preferred dividends, or a cash-flow statement over 15 months old. As ofThe close on Oct 15, 2026, over the filed figures of FY2025: a price is in this figure, and it moved after the filing. Formn/aFiledn/aPeriodFY2025Accessionn/aWhat we read from itCash flow statementFY2025No address for this document is on file, so it cannot be opened from here. | |||
| 0.20 | FY2025 | n/a | |
FormulaTotal debt / shareholders equity As ofThe filing date of the statements below, for FY2025. Formn/aFiledn/aPeriodFY2025Accessionn/aWhat we read from itBalance sheetFY2025No address for this document is on file, so it cannot be opened from here. | |||
| 2.62 | FY2025 | n/a | |
FormulaCurrent assets / current liabilities As ofThe filing date of the statements below, for FY2025. Formn/aFiledn/aPeriodFY2025Accessionn/aWhat we read from itBalance sheetFY2025No address for this document is on file, so it cannot be opened from here. | |||
| 18.41x | FY2025 | Oct 15, 2026 | |
FormulaMarket capitalisation / revenue As ofThe close on Oct 15, 2026, over the filed figures of FY2025: a price is in this figure, and it moved after the filing. Formn/aFiledn/aPeriodFY2025Accessionn/aWhat we read from itIncome statementFY2025No address for this document is on file, so it cannot be opened from here. | |||
| n/a | FY2025 | Oct 15, 2026 | |
| n/a This figure compares a year against the one before it, and we hold one filed year for this company. | |||
FormulaPrice to earnings / the annual earnings growth rate, in percentage points As ofThe close on Oct 15, 2026, over the filed figures of FY2025: a price is in this figure, and it moved after the filing. Formn/aFiledn/aPeriodFY2025Accessionn/aWhat we read from itIncome statementFY2025No address for this document is on file, so it cannot be opened from here. | |||
| 19.74 | FY2025 | Oct 15, 2026 | |
Formula1.2 x working capital/assets + 1.4 x retained earnings/assets + 3.3 x EBIT/assets + 0.6 x market value of equity/total liabilities + 1.0 x revenue/assets As ofThe close on Oct 15, 2026, over the filed figures of FY2025: a price is in this figure, and it moved after the filing. Formn/aFiledn/aPeriodFY2025Accessionn/aWhat we read from itIncome statementFY2025No address for this document is on file, so it cannot be opened from here.Formn/aFiledn/aPeriodFY2025Accessionn/aWhat we read from itBalance sheetFY2025No address for this document is on file, so it cannot be opened from here. | |||
| -3.15 | FY2025 | n/a | |
FormulaAn eight-variable index of year-on-year changes in receivables, gross margin, asset quality, revenue, depreciation, overheads, leverage and accruals As ofThe filing date of the statements below, for FY2025. Formn/aFiledn/aPeriodFY2025Accessionn/aWhat we read from itIncome statementFY2025No address for this document is on file, so it cannot be opened from here.Formn/aFiledn/aPeriodFY2025Accessionn/aWhat we read from itBalance sheetFY2025No address for this document is on file, so it cannot be opened from here.Formn/aFiledn/aPeriodFY2025Accessionn/aWhat we read from itCash flow statementFY2025No address for this document is on file, so it cannot be opened from here. | |||
| 7/9 | FY2025 | n/a | |
FormulaOne point each for: positive return on assets, positive operating cash flow, rising return on assets, operating cash flow above net income, falling leverage, rising current ratio, no new shares issued, rising gross margin, rising asset turnover. As ofThe filing date of the statements below, for FY2025. Formn/aFiledn/aPeriodFY2025Accessionn/aWhat we read from itIncome statementFY2025No address for this document is on file, so it cannot be opened from here.Formn/aFiledn/aPeriodFY2025Accessionn/aWhat we read from itBalance sheetFY2025No address for this document is on file, so it cannot be opened from here.Formn/aFiledn/aPeriodFY2025Accessionn/aWhat we read from itCash flow statementFY2025No address for this document is on file, so it cannot be opened from here. | |||
The figures are computed from the accounts for fiscal 2025, the newest full year on file. 9 filed fiscal years on record, FY2016 to FY2024, from SEC EDGAR. Prices as of Oct 15, 2026. Ratios recomputed Oct 15, 2026. Two facts, because a recompute is not a fresh quote.
The year and the filing date name the statement each figure’s accounts are read from, and they stand even where the figure itself could not be computed: the line beneath a blank says what that statement did not carry. A figure’s name opens its formula and the filings behind it; a statement that names no SEC filing has no filing date, and reads n/a.
Ten years of filed figures, year by year
Ten years of filed figures
10 fiscal years, FY2016 to FY2025. 9 read from the annual reports Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company Limited filed with the SEC, each naming its filing; the rest from statements that name none, which are market data. Amounts in TWD, as reported.
| Year | Revenue | Operating income | Net income | EPS, diluted | Free cash flow | Operating margin | Return on equity | Filing |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| FY2025 | 3.85T | 1.96T | 1.74T | 334.65 | 1.10T | 50.8% | 32.1% | Market data, supplied Mar 7, 2026accession n/a |
| FY2024 | 2.89T | 1.32T | 1.16T | n/a | 870.17B | 45.7% | 27.3% | 20-F, Apr 17, 20250001193125-25-083423 |
| FY2023 | 2.16T | 921.47B | 851.74B | n/a | 292.15B | 42.6% | 24.8% | 20-F, Apr 18, 20240001193125-24-099840 |
| FY2022 | 2.26T | 1.12T | 992.92B | n/a | 527.93B | 49.5% | 34.2% | 20-F, Apr 20, 20230001193125-23-107214 |
| FY2021 | 1.59T | 649.98B | 592.36B | n/a | 272.96B | 41.0% | 27.6% | 20-F, Apr 14, 20220001193125-22-104891 |
| FY2020 | 1.34T | 566.78B | 510.74B | n/a | 315.43B | 42.3% | 27.8% | 20-F, Apr 16, 20210001193125-21-118512 |
| FY2019 | 1.07T | 372.70B | 353.95B | n/a | 154.72B | 34.8% | 21.9% | 20-F, Apr 15, 20200001193125-20-107579 |
| FY2018 | 1.03T | 383.62B | 363.05B | n/a | 258.37B | 37.2% | 21.9% | 20-F, Apr 17, 20190001193125-19-108390 |
| FY2017 | 977.45B | 385.56B | 345.00B | n/a | 254.73B | 39.5% | 23.1% | 20-F, Apr 19, 20180001193125-18-121866 |
| FY2016 | 947.94B | 377.96B | 331.71B | n/a | 211.79B | 39.9% | 24.4% | 20-F, Apr 19, 20180001193125-18-121866 |
- Revenue, compound annual growth FY2016 to FY2025: 16.8%
- Earnings, compound annual growth FY2016 to FY2025: 20.2%
- Earnings per share: Fewer than two filed years carry earnings per share.
- Free cash flow, compound annual growth FY2016 to FY2025: 20.1%
Every figure in this section is a line of a filed annual statement or a ratio of two of them. Nothing here is estimated or smoothed. Earnings per share filed before a share split are put on today's share count, and say so. Nothing here is a verdict on the company.
8 of 10
Risks and guardrails
The accounting screens, the published tests, and the lines you can set to be told.
ComputedCompany statement
| Figure | Value, source and document |
|---|---|
| Beneish M-score | -3.15 ComputedFY2025 market data, supplied Mar 7, 2026, no SEC filing named, accession n/a |
| Piotroski F-score | 7/9 ComputedFY2025 market data, supplied Mar 7, 2026, no SEC filing named, accession n/a |
| Named tests met | 3 of 30 Computed |
| Beta | 1.41 ComputedClose of Oct 15, 2026 |
The named tests
Of 30 tests value investors published: 3 met, 24 not met, 3 we could not complete. Counts, never a score: a single figure would have to decide that meeting one investor’s criteria and meeting another’s are worth the same.
Which tests, by name(all 30)
- Meets
- High returns and growth; ROIC at or above WACC; Cash-covered dividend
- Does not
- Defensive investor (Benjamin Graham); Deep value; Large cap, low P/E; Earnings yield and ROIC (Joel Greenblatt); High F-score, low P/B (Joseph Piotroski); Three forensic scores; Gross margin, turnover (Robert Novy-Marx); EV/EBITDA and coverage; High yield, low payout; Dividends and buybacks; Low beta, profitable; Near the 52-week low; Two thirds of NCAV (Benjamin Graham); P/E times P/B (Benjamin Graham); Owner earnings yield; High return on tangibles; Low P/S, rising earnings (James O'Shaughnessy); Book or below, low debt (Walter Schloss); Tangible book or below; Cash-flow yield and ROIC; Clean books, high ROIC; Cheapest quarter on P/E (David Dreman); Cheapest quarter on P/B (David Dreman); Low P/E, growth, yield (John Neff)
- Not measured
- Low PEG, low debt (Peter Lynch); Z-score and coverage (Edward Altman); High returns, low debt. A test with a figure we could not read is incomplete, never met and never failed.
Figures we could not read(5)
- Positive Earnings Streak: We hold 1 profitable filed year in a row; the test needs 10.
- PEG Ratio: We do not hold this figure for this company, so there is nothing to show.
- Eps Growth 5Y: We do not hold this figure for this company, so there is nothing to show.
- Interest Coverage: The filing states no interest expense for this year, so coverage is not computed: with no interest bill there is nothing to cover.
- Share Count Change Yoy: We do not hold this figure for this company, so there is nothing to show.
9 of 10
Declared positions
Whether anybody here owns this company.
Positions declared by the founder: no holding in any company shown here, as of October 3, 2026.
10 of 10
Next step
What to do with what you have read.
A thesis is your reason for owning it, in your words, with the figures that must stay true. Checking those figures every night against the newest filed accounts, and telling you once when one breaks, is what the subscription adds.
What this cannot tell you
- 5 figures could not be read on this company, among them Positive Earnings Streak, PEG Ratio, Eps Growth 5Y. Each blank in the table above names the rest, with its reason. 3 named tests come back incomplete because of them, which is neither met nor missed.
- We hold 9 filed fiscal years rather than 10, so the run above is shorter than a full decade and is counted as what it is.
And the one that is true of all of it: This is what the numbers say today. It cannot tell you the day one of them stops being true. Nothing here can, because the reasons are not written down.
Running this once is arithmetic on public documents and you are welcome to it. Writing down why you own each company, in your own words and with the numbers that have to stay true for it to hold, and then having those numbers re-checked every night against the newest filed accounts, and against the latest close where a rule watches a price, is Professional, the plan a new account starts on for 30 days, one trial per person. It writes to you the day one breaks, and stays quiet when nothing does. The check runs every night at 23:30 UTC. A filing is picked up the night after it is published.
No card. 30 free days, and nothing is charged unless you choose a plan.
ValueScreener · valuescreener.ai · Computed from accounts this company filed with the SEC for 9 of 10 fiscal years, read from EDGAR; the newest year is read from a statement that names no SEC filing, which is market data. Also from dated closing prices. Every figure on this page opens into its formula and its inputs. A figure that cannot show that trail says so.
A computation on accounts filed with the SEC, not a recommendation and not advice. Past filings do not indicate future results. Risk disclaimer.